Methylene Blue Acts As An Antioxidant

Methylene Blue Acts As An Antioxidant

J Surg Res. 2007 Sep 7; [Epub ahead of print]
Intraperitoneal Administration of Methylene Blue Attenuates Oxidative
Stress, Increases Peritoneal Fibrinolysis, and Inhibits Intraabdominal
Adhesion Formation.
Heydrick SJ, Reed KL, Cohen PA, Aarons CB, Gower AC, Becker JM,
Stucchi AF.
Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston,
Massachusetts.

BACKGROUND:
Mounting evidence indicates that postoperative oxidative stress may be
linked to decreased fibrinolytic activity and, subsequently, the
development of intraabdominal adhesions. The goal of this study was to
determine if methylene blue, a highly redox active dye that has been
shown to inhibit adhesion formation (1) acts as an antioxidant in the
postoperative peritoneum, and (2) subsequently affects fibrinolytic
activity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Intraabdominal adhesions were surgically induced in rats receiving
methylene blue (30 mg/kg) or vehicle (sterile water) intraperitoneally
at surgery. At 24 h and 7 d following surgery, adhesion formation,
oxidative stress, and peritoneal fibrinolytic activity were assessed.
RESULTS:
Methylene blue did not affect adhesion formation at 24 h, but did
induce a >50% regression in adhesions after 7 d (P < 0.05).
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and
myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, and 8-isoprostane and thiobarbituric
acid-reactive substances were all significantly increased in
peritoneal tissue samples (P < 0.05) by 24 h following surgery.
Methylene blue inhibited NADPH oxidase by 98% and MPO activity by 78%
in the 24 h tissue samples, and blunted the corresponding surgery-
induced increases in tissue lipid and protein oxidation. Furthermore,
methylene blue significantly increased (P < 0.05) fibrinolytic
activity in peritoneal fluid at 24 h.
CONCLUSIONS:
Methylene blue acts as an antioxidant in this experimental system and
may reduce intraabdominal adhesion formation by enhancing peritoneal
fibrinolytic activity following surgery.

PMID: 17826794 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


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Tom


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Re: Methylene Blue Acts As An Antioxidant

On Wed, 12 Sep 2007 08:34:22 -0700, ironjustice
<teamtanner@hotmail . com > wrote:

>J Surg Res. 2007 Sep 7; [Epub ahead of print]
>Intraperitoneal Administration of Methylene Blue Attenuates Oxidative
>Stress, Increases Peritoneal Fibrinolysis, and Inhibits Intraabdominal
>Adhesion Formation.
>Heydrick SJ, Reed KL, Cohen PA, Aarons CB, Gower AC, Becker JM,
>Stucchi AF.
>Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston,
>Massachusetts.
>
>BACKGROUND:
>Mounting evidence indicates that postoperative oxidative stress may be
>linked to decreased fibrinolytic activity and, subsequently, the
>development of intraabdominal adhesions. The goal of this study was to
>determine if methylene blue, a highly redox active dye that has been
>shown to inhibit adhesion formation (1) acts as an antioxidant in the
>postoperative peritoneum, and (2) subsequently affects fibrinolytic
>activity.
>MATERIALS AND METHODS:
>Intraabdominal adhesions were surgically induced in rats receiving
>methylene blue (30 mg/kg) or vehicle (sterile water) intraperitoneally
>at surgery. At 24 h and 7 d following surgery, adhesion formation,
>oxidative stress, and peritoneal fibrinolytic activity were assessed.
>RESULTS:
>Methylene blue did not affect adhesion formation at 24 h, but did
>induce a >50% regression in adhesions after 7 d (P < 0.05).
>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and
>myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, and 8-isoprostane and thiobarbituric
>acid-reactive substances were all significantly increased in
>peritoneal tissue samples (P < 0.05) by 24 h following surgery.
>Methylene blue inhibited NADPH oxidase by 98% and MPO activity by 78%
>in the 24 h tissue samples, and blunted the corresponding surgery-
>induced increases in tissue lipid and protein oxidation. Furthermore,
>methylene blue significantly increased (P < 0.05) fibrinolytic
>activity in peritoneal fluid at 24 h.
>CONCLUSIONS:
>Methylene blue acts as an antioxidant in this experimental system and
>may reduce intraabdominal adhesion formation by enhancing peritoneal
>fibrinolytic activity following surgery.
>
>PMID: 17826794 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


Methylene Blue is highly toxic to nervous tissue and must be kept away
from all nerve tissue (spinal cord, brain, nerves). This has been
known for some time:

----------------------------------------------------------------

1: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1978 Apr;41(4):384-6.
>
> Spinal cord necrosis after intrathecal injection of methylene blue.
>
> Sharr MM, Weller RO, Brice JG.
>
> A 59 year old man had 6 ml of unbuffered methylene blue injected into
> the lumbar theca in an attempt to localise the source of cerebrospinal
> fluid rhinorrhoea. After injection of the dye he became shocked, and
> within the next few days he developed a mild paraparesis which
> subsequently progressed to a total paraplegia. The distribution of the
> spinal cord damage found at necropsy, eight and a half years after
> injection of the dye, is described and its relationship to the clinical
> picture discussed.
>
> Publication Types:
> Case Reports
>
> PMID: 580618 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
>
>
>
> 2: Neuroradiology. 1974;7(2):117.
>
> Letter: Neurological deficits resulting from intrathecal administration
> of methylene blue.
>
> Gross SW.
>
> PMID: 4408272 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
>
>
>
> 3: Anesthesiology. 1970 Sep;33(3):335-40.
>
> The effect of methylene blue on neural tissue.
>
> Poppers PJ, Mastri AR, Lebeaux M, Covino BG.
>
> PMID: 5454953 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------


EVANS JP, KEEGAN HR.
Related Articles, Links
Danger in the use of intrathecal methylene blue.
JAMA. 1960 Oct 15;174:856-9.

=====================================


Best,

Bob

Robert A. Fink, M. D.
Neurological Surgery
2500 Milvia Street Suite 222
Berkeley, CA 94704-2636 USA
510-849-2555

**********************************
NOTE: The material above is not "medical
advice". Medical advice can only be
given after an in-person contact between
doctor and patient.
**********************************

Re: Methylene Blue Acts As An Antioxidant

I always wondered why they called him "old blue eyes".
"ironjustice" <teamtanner@hotmail . com > wrote in message
news:1189611262.797195.171650@22g2000hsm.googlegroups . com ...
>J Surg Res. 2007 Sep 7; [Epub ahead of print]
> Intraperitoneal Administration of Methylene Blue Attenuates Oxidative
> Stress, Increases Peritoneal Fibrinolysis, and Inhibits Intraabdominal
> Adhesion Formation.
> Heydrick SJ, Reed KL, Cohen PA, Aarons CB, Gower AC, Becker JM,
> Stucchi AF.
> Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston,
> Massachusetts.
>
> BACKGROUND:
> Mounting evidence indicates that postoperative oxidative stress may be
> linked to decreased fibrinolytic activity and, subsequently, the
> development of intraabdominal adhesions. The goal of this study was to
> determine if methylene blue, a highly redox active dye that has been
> shown to inhibit adhesion formation (1) acts as an antioxidant in the
> postoperative peritoneum, and (2) subsequently affects fibrinolytic
> activity.
> MATERIALS AND METHODS:
> Intraabdominal adhesions were surgically induced in rats receiving
> methylene blue (30 mg/kg) or vehicle (sterile water) intraperitoneally
> at surgery. At 24 h and 7 d following surgery, adhesion formation,
> oxidative stress, and peritoneal fibrinolytic activity were assessed.
> RESULTS:
> Methylene blue did not affect adhesion formation at 24 h, but did
> induce a >50% regression in adhesions after 7 d (P < 0.05).
> Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and
> myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, and 8-isoprostane and thiobarbituric
> acid-reactive substances were all significantly increased in
> peritoneal tissue samples (P < 0.05) by 24 h following surgery.
> Methylene blue inhibited NADPH oxidase by 98% and MPO activity by 78%
> in the 24 h tissue samples, and blunted the corresponding surgery-
> induced increases in tissue lipid and protein oxidation. Furthermore,
> methylene blue significantly increased (P < 0.05) fibrinolytic
> activity in peritoneal fluid at 24 h.
> CONCLUSIONS:
> Methylene blue acts as an antioxidant in this experimental system and
> may reduce intraabdominal adhesion formation by enhancing peritoneal
> fibrinolytic activity following surgery.
>
> PMID: 17826794 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
>
>
> Who loves ya.
> Tom
>
>
> Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
> * jesuswasavegetarian.7h . com
>
>
> Man Is A Herbivore!
> * tinyurl . com /a3cc3
>
>
> DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
> * tinyurl . com /zk9fk
>